Path: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!hecate.umd.edu!dailyplanet.wam.umd.edu!haven.umd.edu!purdue!cnn.nas.nasa.gov!newshub1.home.com!news.home.com!news-peer.gip.net!news-penn.gip.net!news.gsl.net!gip.net!news-feed.netvision.net.il!news.NetVision.net.il!not-for-mail From: Reuven M. Lerner Newsgroups: gnu.emacs.help,comp.emacs,comp.answers,news.answers Subject: GNU Emacs Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), part diffs/5 Supersedes: Followup-To: gnu.emacs.help Date: 18 Sep 1998 15:34:38 +0200 Organization: GNU Emacs FAQ Central Lines: 831 Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU Expires: 27 Oct 1998 12:50:14 GMT Message-ID: Reply-To: reuven@netvision.net.il NNTP-Posting-Host: ras2-p19.hfa.netvision.net.il Summary: Questions and answers having to do with GNU Emacs Keywords: GNU Emacs editors questions Xref: senator-bedfellow.mit.edu gnu.emacs.help:57865 comp.emacs:49043 comp.answers:33062 news.answers:140095 Archive-name: GNU-Emacs-FAQ/diffs --- /home/reuven/Text/GNU-Emacs/Finals/final:98-07-16 Thu Jul 16 15:49:36 1998 +++ /home/reuven/Text/GNU-Emacs/Finals/final:98-09-18 Fri Sep 18 14:44:26 1998 @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ ftp://the-tech.mit.edu/pub/GNU-Emacs/faq-diffs Please suggest new questions, answers, wording changes, and deletions by -sending mail to reuven@netvision.net.il. The most helpful form for +sending mail to emacs-faq@lerner.co.il. The most helpful form for suggestions is a context diff (i.e., the output of `diff -c'). Include "FAQ" in the subject of messages about the FAQ list. @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ time to answer questions individually. :-( -- -Reuven M. Lerner and the FAQ team (a full list is +Reuven M. Lerner and the FAQ team (a full list is at the bottom of the FAQ). ---------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -187,73 +187,72 @@ 106: Calc -- poor man's Mathematica within Emacs 107: VIPER -- vi emulation for Emacs 108: AUC TeX -- enhanced LaTeX mode with debugging facilities -109: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs -110: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers -111: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs -112: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs -113: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes -114: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news -115: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files +109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers +110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs +111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs +112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes +113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news +114: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems -116: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? -117: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? -118: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my +115: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? +116: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? +117: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? -119: How do I use function keys under X Windows? -120: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys +118: How do I use function keys under X Windows? +119: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit? -121: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? -122: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? -123: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered +120: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? +121: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? +122: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered out? -124: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? -125: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? -126: How do I "swap" two keys? -127: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? -128: What if I don't have a Meta key? -129: What if I don't have an Escape key? -130: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? -131: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? -132: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? -133: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 +123: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? +124: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? +125: How do I "swap" two keys? +126: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? +127: What if I don't have a Meta key? +128: What if I don't have an Escape key? +129: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? +130: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? +131: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? +132: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x? Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets -134: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? -135: How do I input 8-bit characters? -136: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other +133: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? +134: How do I input 8-bit characters? +135: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other character sets? -137: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? +136: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? Mail and News -138: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? -139: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? -140: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? -141: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? -142: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? -143: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? -144: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? -145: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the +137: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? +138: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? +139: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? +140: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? +141: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? +142: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? +143: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? +144: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients? -146: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? -147: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? -148: How do I read news under Emacs? -149: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? -150: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., +145: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? +146: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? +147: How do I read news under Emacs? +148: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? +149: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? -151: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? -152: How do I make Gnus start up faster? -153: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? -154: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control +150: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? +151: How do I make Gnus start up faster? +152: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? +153: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers? -155: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? -156: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? -157: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? -158: Where can I find out more about Gnus? +154: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? +155: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? +156: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? +157: Where can I find out more about Gnus? ------------------------------------------------------------ @@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ To search for a question numbered XXX, type "M-C-s ^XXX:", followed by a C-r if that doesn't work. Type RET to end the search. -If you have w3-mode installed (see question 112), you can visit ftp and +If you have w3-mode installed (see question 111), you can visit ftp and HTTP uniform resource locators (URLs) by placing the cursor on the URL and typing M-x w3-follow-url-at-point. @@ -272,7 +271,7 @@ prefer to read the FAQ in a single file, see question 22. ------------------------------------------------------------ - Time-stamp: <1998-07-16 13:41:50 reuven> + Time-stamp: <1998-09-18 14:41:10 reuven> Notation Used in FAQ @@ -285,7 +284,7 @@ C-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Control key M-x: press the `x' key while holding down the Meta key (if your computer - doesn't have a Meta key, see question 128) + doesn't have a Meta key, see question 127) M-C-x: press the `x' key while holding down both Control and Meta C-M-x: a synonym for the above @@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ LFD: Linefeed or Newline; same as C-j RET: Return, sometimes marked Enter; same as C-m DEL: Delete, usually not the same as Backspace; same as C-? (See - question 124 if deleting invokes Emacs help) + question 123 if deleting invokes Emacs help) ESC: Escape; same as C-[ TAB: Tab; same as C-i SPC: Space bar @@ -473,6 +472,11 @@ ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/MailingListArchives/current + Web-based Usenet search services, such as DejaNews, also archive the + gnu.* groups. You can reach DejaNews at + + http://www.dejanews.com + 10: Where should I report bugs and other problems with Emacs? The correct way to report Emacs bugs is by e-mail to @@ -624,7 +628,7 @@ format. Texinfo source for the manual (along with pregenerated Info files) is available at - ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/elisp-manual-19-2.4.tar.gz + ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/elisp-manual-20-2.5.tar.gz and all mirrors of ftp.gnu.org (See question 92 for a list). See question 17 if you want to install the Info files, or question 18 if you @@ -766,7 +770,7 @@ More GNU information, including back issues of the "GNU's Bulletin", are at - http://www.fsf.org/ + http://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bulletins.html http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/gnu.html 21: Where can I get help in installing Emacs? @@ -808,14 +812,15 @@ * Via anonymous FTP. You can always fetch the latest FAQ at - ftp://the-tech.mit.edu/pub/GNU-Emacs/faq + ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/faq.txt + ftp://ftp.lerner.co.il/pub/emacs/faq.gz - This ftp site has been flaky as of late, so you might want to try - another source, such as rtfm.mit.edu (described below). + http://ftp.lerner.co.il/emacs/faq.txt + http://ftp.lerner.co.il/emacs/faq.gz - * In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the latest available - version of the FAQ at the time of release has been part of the Emacs - distribution as file etc/FAQ (see question 4). + * In the Emacs distribution. Since Emacs 18.56, the FAQ at the time of + release has been part of the Emacs distribution as etc/FAQ (see + question 4). * Via the World Wide Web. Point your favorite Web browser at: @@ -846,9 +851,8 @@ "help" and "index" in the body on separate lines. * As the very last resort, you can e-mail a request to - gnu-emacs-faq-maintainers@bigbird.bu.edu. Don't do this unless you - have made a serious effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the - methods listed above. + emacs-faq@lerner.co.il. Don't do this unless you have made a serious + effort to obtain the FAQ list via one of the methods listed above. Status of Emacs @@ -875,7 +879,7 @@ 24: What is the latest version of Emacs? - Emacs 20.2 is the current version as of this writing. + Emacs 20.3 is the current version as of this writing. 25: What is different about Emacs 20? @@ -1109,11 +1113,11 @@ 37: Where can I get a better spelling checker for Emacs? - Use Ispell. See question 111. + Use Ispell. See question 110. 38: How can I spell-check TeX or *roff documents? - Use Ispell. See question 111. Ispell can handle TeX and *roff + Use Ispell. See question 110. Ispell can handle TeX and *roff documents. 39: How do I change load-path? @@ -1895,7 +1899,7 @@ sending C-s and C-q for flow control, and Emacs is receiving these characters and interpreting them as commands. (The C-s character normally invokes the isearch-forward command.) For possible solutions, - see question 122. + see question 121. 76: Why can't Emacs talk to certain hosts (or certain hostnames)? @@ -1936,7 +1940,7 @@ It may be the case that you need to load some package first, or use a hook that will be evaluated after the package is loaded. A common case - of this is explained in question 118. + of this is explained in question 117. 78: Why does Emacs ignore my X resources (my .Xdefaults file)? @@ -2119,13 +2123,13 @@ available. On ftp.gnu.org, the main GNU distribution site, sources are available at - ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.2.tar.gz + ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.3.tar.gz The above will obviously change as new versions of Emacs come out. For - instance, when Emacs 20.3 is released, it will most probably be + instance, when Emacs 20.4 is released, it will most probably be available at - ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.3.tar.gz + ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs-20.4.tar.gz Again, you should use one of the mirror sites in question 92 (and adjust the URL accordingly) so as to reduce load on ftp.gnu.org. @@ -2369,8 +2373,6 @@ AFRICA: ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/gnu - MIDDLE-EAST: ftp://ftp.technion.ac.il/pub/unsupported/gnu - EUROPE: ftp://ftp.denet.dk/pub/gnu, ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/gnu, ftp://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/gnu, @@ -2442,7 +2444,7 @@ Many XEmacs features have found their way into recent versions of Emacs, and more features can be expected in the future, but there are still many - differences between the two packages. + differences between the two. The latest version of XEmacs as of this writing is 20.4; you can get it at @@ -2463,10 +2465,13 @@ ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/emacs.README - And the binary itself is available at: + And the binary itself is available in the files ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2gnu/em1934*.zip + where * indicates that you should retrieve all of the files beginning + with "em1934" and ending with "zip". + If you prefer to compile Emacs for yourself, you will need a 386 (or better) processor, and are running MS-DOS 3.0 or later. According to Eli Zaretskii and Darrel Hankerson @@ -2561,9 +2566,8 @@ To the best of our knowledge, Emacs 19 has not been ported to the Macintosh. - The forthcoming "Rhapsody" operating system is based largely on - NeXTSTEP and OpenStep. See question 99 for more details about that - version. + Apple's forthcoming "OS X" is based largely on NeXTSTEP and OpenStep. + See question 99 for more details about that version. 101: Where do I get Emacs that runs on VMS under DECwindows? @@ -2617,7 +2621,7 @@ 104: VM (View Mail) -- another mail reader within Emacs, with MIME support Author: Kyle Jones - Latest version: 6.56 + Latest version: 6.62 Anonymous FTP: ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/vm/vm.tar.gz Newsgroups and mailing lists: @@ -2684,28 +2688,7 @@ World Wide Web: http://www.iesd.auc.dk/~amanda/auctex/ -109: Hyperbole -- extensible hypertext management system within Emacs - - Author: Bob Weiner - Latest version: 3.16 - Anonymous FTP: - ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/infodock/hyperbole-4.01.tar.gz - Mailing lists: - hyperbole-announce -- Hyperbole release announcements only. - Subscriptions: - To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu - Subject: Add to hyperbole-announce - hyperbole -- Hyperbole discussion. - Subscriptions: - To: hyperbole-request@cs.brown.edu - Subject: Add to hyperbole - Submissions: - hyperbole@cs.brown.edu - NOTE: Any member of the hyperbole mailing list is automatically a - member of the hyperbole-announce mailing list. - NOTE: No .UUCP or ! addresses are allowed on these mailing lists. - -110: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers +109: BBDB -- personal Info Rolodex integrated with mail/news readers Maintainer: Matt Simmons Latest released version: 2.00 @@ -2716,7 +2699,7 @@ info-bbdb@xemacs.org (for submissions) bbdb-announce-request@xemacs.org (to be informed of new releases) -111: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs +110: Ispell -- spell checker in C with interface for Emacs Author: Geoff Kuenning Latest released version: 3.1.20 @@ -2735,7 +2718,7 @@ * This Ispell program is distinct from GNU Ispell 4.0. GNU Ispell 4.0 is no longer a supported product. -112: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs +111: W3-mode -- A World Wide Web browser inside of Emacs Author: Bill Perry Latest version: 4.0pre.23 @@ -2746,24 +2729,25 @@ w3-beta-request@indiana.edu (for beta-testers of new versions) w3-dev@indiana.edu (for developers of W3) -113: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes +112: EDB -- Database program for Emacs; replaces forms editing modes Author: Michael Ernst Latest version: 1.21 Anonymous FTP: ftp://theory.lcs.mit.edu/pub/emacs/edb -114: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news +113: Mailcrypt -- PGP interface within Emacs mail and news - Authors: Patrick J. LoPresti (patl@lcs.mit.edu) and - Jin S. Choi (jin@atype.com) + Authors: Patrick J. LoPresti and + Jin S. Choi + Maintainer: Len Budney Latest version: 3.4 Anonymous FTP: - ftp://cag.lcs.mit.edu/pub/patl/mailcrypt-3.4.tar.gz + http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt/mailcrypt-3.5b6.tar.gz World Wide Web: - http://cag-www.lcs.mit.edu/mailcrypt/ + http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html -115: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files +114: Patch -- program to apply "diffs" for updating files Author: Larry Wall (with GNU modifications) Latest version: 2.5 @@ -2772,7 +2756,7 @@ Changing Key Bindings and Handling Key Binding Problems -116: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? +115: How do I bind keys (including function keys) to commands? Keys can be bound to commands either interactively or in your .emacs file. To interactively bind keys for all modes, type @@ -2819,7 +2803,7 @@ (global-set-key [f10] [?\C-x?\e?\e?\C-a?\C-k?\C-g]) ;; or (global-set-key [f10] "\C-x\e\e\C-a\C-k\C-g") -117: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? +116: Why does Emacs say "Key sequence XXX uses invalid prefix characters"? Usually, one of two things has happened. In one case, the control character in the key sequence has been misspecified (e.g. "C-f" used @@ -2832,7 +2816,7 @@ (global-unset-key [?\e ?[]) ;; or (global-unset-key "\e[") -118: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my +117: Why doesn't this [terminal or window-system setup] code work in my .emacs file, but it works just fine after Emacs starts up? During startup, Emacs initializes itself according to a given code/file @@ -2857,19 +2841,19 @@ For information on what Emacs does every time it is started, see the lisp/startup.el file. -119: How do I use function keys under X Windows? +118: How do I use function keys under X Windows? With Emacs 19, functions keys under X are bound like any other key. See - question 116 for details. + question 115 for details. -120: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys +119: How do I tell what characters or symbols my function or arrow keys emit? Type "C-h c" then the function or arrow keys. The command will return either a function key symbol or character sequence (see the Emacs on-line documentation for an explanation). This works for other keys as well. -121: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? +120: How do I set the X key "translations" for Emacs? Emacs is not written using the Xt library by default, so there are no "translations" to be set. (We aren't sure how to set such translations @@ -2884,7 +2868,7 @@ defines the "M-TAB" key sequence. -122: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? +121: How do I handle C-s and C-q being used for flow control? C-s and C-q are used in the XON/XOFF flow control protocol. This messes things up when you're using Emacs, because Emacs binds these keys to @@ -2980,23 +2964,23 @@ For further discussion of this issue, read the file PROBLEMS (in the top-level directory when you unpack the Emacs source). -123: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered +122: How do I bind `C-s' and `C-q' (or any key) if these keys are filtered out? To bind `C-s' and `C-q', use either "enable-flow-control" or - "enable-flow-control-on". See question 122 for usage and implementation + "enable-flow-control-on". See question 121 for usage and implementation details. - To bind other keys, use "keyboard-translate". See question 126 for usage + To bind other keys, use "keyboard-translate". See question 125 for usage details. To do this for an entire site, you should swap the keys in - lisp/site-start.el. See question 122 for an explanation of why + lisp/site-start.el. See question 121 for an explanation of why lisp/default.el should not be used. NOTE: * If you do this for an entire site, the users will be confused by the disparity between what the documentation says and how Emacs actually behaves. -124: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? +123: Why does the "Backspace" key invoke help? The "Backspace" key (on most keyboards) generates ASCII code 8. `C-h' sends the same code. In Emacs by default `C-h' invokes help-command. @@ -3030,7 +3014,7 @@ (keyboard-translate ?\C-h ?\C-?) - See question 126 for further details of "keyboard-translate". + See question 125 for further details of "keyboard-translate". * Another approach is to switch key bindings and put help on "C-x h" instead: @@ -3043,11 +3027,11 @@ NOTE: * Don't try to bind DEL to help-command, because there are many modes that have local bindings of DEL that will interfere. -125: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? +124: Why doesn't Emacs look at the stty settings for Backspace vs. Delete? Good question! -126: How do I "swap" two keys? +125: How do I "swap" two keys? In Emacs 19, you can swap two keys (or key sequences) by using the "keyboard-translate" function. For example, to turn `C-h' into DEL and @@ -3069,7 +3053,7 @@ Also see "Keyboard Translations" in the on-line manual. -127: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? +126: How do I produce C-XXX with my keyboard? On terminals (but not under X), some common "aliases" are: @@ -3084,14 +3068,14 @@ all of the digits on your keyboard to see what gets generated. You can also try the "C-h w" command if you know the name of the command. -128: What if I don't have a Meta key? +127: What if I don't have a Meta key? Instead of typing "M-a", you can type "ESC a". In fact, Emacs converts M-a internally into "ESC a" anyway (depending on the value of meta-prefix-char). Note that you press "Meta" and `a' together, while you press `ESC', release it, and then press `a'. -129: What if I don't have an Escape key? +128: What if I don't have an Escape key? Type `C-[' instead. This should send ASCII code 27 just like an Escape key would. `C-3' may also work on some terminal (but not under X). For @@ -3101,13 +3085,13 @@ (define-key function-key-map [f11] [?\e]) ; F11 is the documented ESC ; replacement on DEC terminals. -130: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? +129: Can I make my "Compose Character" key behave like a Meta key? On a dumb terminal such as a VT220, no. It is rumored that certain VT220 clones could have their Compose key configured this way. If you're using X, you might be able to do this with the "xmodmap" program. -131: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? +130: How do I bind a combination of modifier key and function key? With Emacs 19 you can represent modified function keys in vector format by adding prefixes to the function key symbol. For example (from the @@ -3129,9 +3113,9 @@ keys). Non-ASCII keys and mouse events (e.g. "C-=" and "mouse-1") also fall under this category. - See question 116 for general key binding instructions. + See question 115 for general key binding instructions. -132: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? +131: Why doesn't my Meta key work in an xterm window? Try all of these methods before asking for further help: @@ -3170,7 +3154,7 @@ You might have to replace "Meta" with "Alt". -133: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 +132: Why doesn't my ExtendChar key work as a Meta key under HP-UX 8.0 and 9.x? This is a result of an internationalization extension in X11R4 and the @@ -3188,7 +3172,7 @@ Using Emacs with Alternate Character Sets -134: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? +133: How do I make Emacs display 8-bit characters? Emacs 19 has built-in support for 8-bit characters. Here is an excerpt from the "European Display" page of the on-line manual: @@ -3209,7 +3193,7 @@ "88591", Emacs automatically enables European character display mode when it starts up. -135: How do I input 8-bit characters? +134: How do I input 8-bit characters? Again, from the "European Display" page of the on-line manual: @@ -3227,7 +3211,7 @@ example, `''' enters the Latin-1 character acute-accent (character code 0264). -136: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other +135: Where can I get an Emacs that handles kanji, Chinese, or other character sets? Emacs 20 now includes many of the features of MULE, the Multilingual @@ -3238,7 +3222,7 @@ ftp://sh.wide.ad.jp/JAPAN/mule/mule-19.33-delta.tar.gz -137: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? +136: Where is an Emacs that can handle Semitic (right-to-left) alphabets? Emacs 20 supports Hebrew characters (ISO 8859-8), but does not yet support right-to-left character entry. @@ -3257,7 +3241,7 @@ Mail and News -138: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? +137: How do I change the included text prefix in mail/news followups? If you read mail with Rmail or news with Gnus, set the variable mail-yank-prefix. For VM, set vm-included-text-prefix. For mh-e, set @@ -3269,7 +3253,7 @@ message, set the value of mail-yank-ignored-headers to an appropriate regexp. -139: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? +138: How do I save a copy of outgoing mail? You can either mail yourself a copy by including a "BCC:" header in the mail message, or store a copy of the message directly to a file by @@ -3286,13 +3270,13 @@ (setq mail-archive-file-name (expand-file-name "~/outgoing")) The output file will be in Unix mail format, which can be read directly - by VM, but not always by Rmail. See question 141. + by VM, but not always by Rmail. See question 140. If you use mh-e, add an "FCC:" or "BCC:" field to your components file. It does not work to put "set record filename" in the .mailrc file. -140: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? +139: Why doesn't Emacs expand my aliases when sending mail? * You must separate multiple addresses in the headers of the mail buffer with commas. This is because Emacs supports RFC822 standard addresses @@ -3319,7 +3303,7 @@ expansion by moving point to the end of the alias and typing "C-x a e" (M-x expand-abbrev). -141: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? +140: Why does Rmail think all my saved messages are one big message? A file created through the FCC: field in a message is in Unix mail format, not the format that Rmail uses (BABYL format). Rmail will try to @@ -3328,12 +3312,12 @@ file be an inbox for your Rmail file by using the function set-rmail-inbox-list. -142: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? +141: How can I sort the messages in my Rmail folder? In Rmail, type "C-c C-s C-h" to get a list of sorting functions and their key bindings. -143: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? +142: Why does Rmail need to write to /usr/spool/mail? This is the behavior of the "movemail" program which Rmail uses. This indicates that movemail is configured to use lock files. @@ -3347,7 +3331,7 @@ Other systems use the flock system call to interlock access. On these systems, you should configure movemail to use flock. -144: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? +143: How do I recover my mail files after Rmail munges their format? If you have just done rmail-input on a file and you don't want to save it in Rmail's format (called BABYL), just kill the buffer (with C-x k). @@ -3359,7 +3343,7 @@ format, use the command M-x unrmail: it will prompt you for the input and output file names. -145: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the +144: How can I force Rmail to reply to the sender of a message, but not the other recipients? Ron Isaacson says: When you hit "r" to reply in @@ -3379,7 +3363,7 @@ (define-key rmail-mode-map "r" 'rmail-reply-t) (define-key rmail-mode-map "R" 'rmail-reply))) -146: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? +145: How can I get my favorite Emacs mail package to support MIME? Look at the Emacs MIME FAQ, maintained by MacDonald Hall Jackson at @@ -3388,7 +3372,7 @@ Version 6.x of VM supports MIME. See question 104. -147: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? +146: How do I make Emacs automatically start my mail/news reader? To start Emacs in Gnus: @@ -3408,11 +3392,11 @@ two copies of Emacs at one time. Also, this would make it difficult for you to start Emacs quickly when you needed to. -148: How do I read news under Emacs? +147: How do I read news under Emacs? Use M-x gnus. It is documented in Info (see question 14). -149: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? +148: Why doesn't Gnus work via NNTP? There is a bug in NNTP version 1.5.10, such that when multiple requests are sent to the NNTP server, the server only handles the first one before @@ -3430,7 +3414,7 @@ Also see question 75 in this FAQ for some additional ideas. -150: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., +149: How do I view news articles with embedded underlining (e.g., ClariNews)? Underlining appears like this: @@ -3471,14 +3455,14 @@ (add-hook 'gnus-article-prepare-hook '(lambda () (ununderline-region (point-min) (point-max)))) -151: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? +150: How do I save all the items of a multi-part posting in Gnus? Use gnus-uu. Type C-c C-v C-h in the Gnus summary buffer to see a list of available commands. -152: How do I make Gnus start up faster? +151: How do I make Gnus start up faster? - From the Gnus FAQ (see question 158): + From the Gnus FAQ (see question 157): Pranav Kumar Tiwari writes: I posted the same query recently and I got an answer to it. I am going to repeat the @@ -3490,7 +3474,7 @@ gnus-nov-is-evil nil gnus-select-method '(nntp gnus-nntp-server)) -153: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? +152: How do I catch up all newsgroups in Gnus? In the "*Newsgroup*" buffer, type the following magical incantation: @@ -3499,7 +3483,7 @@ Leave off the "M-<" if you only want to catch up from point to the end of the "*Newsgroup" buffer. -154: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control +153: Why can't I kill in Gnus based on the Newsgroups/Keywords/Control headers? Gnus will complain that the "Newsgroups:", "Keywords:", and "Control:" @@ -3514,16 +3498,16 @@ (gnus-kill nil "^Newsgroups: .*\\(bad\\.group\\|worse\\.group\\)") -155: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? +154: How do I get rid of flashing messages in Gnus for slow connections? Set nntp-debug-read to nil. -156: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? +155: Why is catch up slow in Gnus? Because Gnus is marking crosspostings read. You can control this with the variable gnus-use-cross-reference. -157: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? +156: Why does Gnus hang for a long time when posting? David Lawrence explains: @@ -3542,7 +3526,7 @@ on its own. The C News folks have sped up inews, too, so speed should look better to most folks as that update propagates around. -158: Where can I find out more about Gnus? +157: Where can I find out more about Gnus? Look for the Gnus FAQ, available at