JADEJA TAMACHI AT NAWANAGAR making revenue assessments and fixing rules for dues and taxes. One of these, which was most unpopular, was the confiscation by an Imperial order of all land held by Hindus on religious tenure. In another case Mahomedans were especially favoured. They were ex- cused payment of transit dues and taxes on grass, fire- wood, and vegetables, among certain others. This creation of an invidious distinction between ruling and subordinate races must have produced a very bad effect. Also the fining of Musalman officials or landholders was forbidden as contrary to Mahomedan law. Im- prisonment, however, for misdemeanour was retained. On the annexation of Nawanagar to the Imperial dominions in A.D. 1664, Jadeja Tamachi, son of Jam Raisinhji, had escaped to Kachh. Subsequently he began a series of raids against Musalman authority, and became a thorn in the flesh of the Mahomedan Governor of Nawanagar. Finally he approached Jaswantsinhji of Jodhpur (who had been made Viceroy of Gujarat for the second time in A.D. 1671) for the restoration to him of his ancestral dominions, and on the Viceroy's intercession before the Emperor Aurangzeb the latter seated him on the Nawanagar gadi on condition that he kept order within the boundaries of his territory, and served the Viceroy whenever called upon. But until the Emperor Aurangzeb died in A.D. 1707 a Mahomedan Fouzdar was kept in Nawanagar city, and the Jam was obliged to live at Khambhalia, some thirty miles away. In A.D. 1673 Jaswantsinhji Jhala succeeded to Halwad. It happened that his sister had married Ajitsinhji Rathod of Jodhpur, son of Chandrasinhji, Viceroy of Gujarat. This lady, on the death of her father in A.D. 1678, besought her father-in-law, the Viceroy, to take an army against Halwad, which he did, being successful and expelling Jaswantsinhji Jhala from his dominions. Halwad was now re-named Mahomednagar, and given to a Musalman, 119