A Guide to Video Tape Protection Release 1.0 ©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©© by Shane Raistlin Monroe Mon Dec 11, 1989 11:23pm (C) Copyright 1989 by Majere Files. All rights reserved. This document is restricted to distribution per the following distribution statement: DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT This document may be copied, transferred, and otherwise reproduced if the following criteria are met: 1. When distributed, it must be copied in its entirety, including this distribution statement and the above copyright notice. 2. No compensation can be gained, monetary or otherwise, by distribution of this document. Compensation for expense of the copying is authorized. 3. If you, the reader, enjoys this document or does not enjoy it, please drop a postcard or letter with your comments (good and bad) to the below address along with a list of the movies YOU have the most trouble with so as to improve any later printing of this article. Thank you. Shane R. Monroe USS Trepang (SSN©674) PNSY Portsmouth, NH 03801 Table of Contents Chapter: 1 © Introduction 2 © What is VTP? 3 © Identifying VTP and Why to Defeat It 4 © How to defeat VTP 5 © A Final Note 6 © Index of Companies 7 © Index of Protected Videos Chapter One © Introduction Though the average consumer may not know about or understand video tape copy protection (VTP, from now on), it is necessary for everyone who owns a Video Cassette Recorder (VCR) or who is planning to purchase a VCR to know the facts behind one of the nation's biggest current industry. Almost every movie, sporting event, musical, or film is available on video tape. Consumers can purchase or rent anything from the Walt Disney classic Bambi to WWF Wrestling matches. Unfortunately, there are many consumers that rent these tapes and copy them, causing the video tape industry to lose money in potential sales. This was the reason for VTP's creation. Why does it concern the average consumer whose intent is nothing more than renting or purchasing their favorite movie and returning to their home and watching it? That is why this guide was written: to inform you, the consumer, of the 'why' of the above question, and how you can learn to avoid the problems and inconvenience that VTP can create. must make this disclaimer. The information in this guide is NOT intended to be used illegally to violate existing copyright laws imposed by the respective video companies. It is 'for information only' and for legit uses only as described in later chapters. Now, on with the guide. Chapter 2 © What is VTP? VTP is the film industry's response to video tape collectors. According to the companies that make this VTP, legal video users have nothing to fear from this protection as it supposedly doesn't effect them. Though effective, it is a fairly simple process, which we will not get really into technically. There are many articles in Popular Electronics and other popular magazines. We will scrape the surface for just a general understanding. When a tape is copied at the plant, it is copied on a bulk mass©producing dual©vcr machine specially designed for industrial use. The signal that is sent from the tape is at a certain speed. What the factory does is, by several different means (dependant on the company that made the protection) changes the sync of the signal outgoing from the tape slightly. This change is so slight that a TV (usually) will not really 'see' a difference in the signal and show you the picture normally. (In other words, the TV isn't very 'picky'.) Now, when you send this signal to, say a monitor or VCR, the signal interpretation is much more 'picky'. This signal, slightly out of sync, causes a multitude of different effects to a viewer. These include jitters, rolls, color fades, etc. More about this later. This signal, if left unalter, can create problems for us all. But, one cannot eliminate the problem without being able to identify it. That is what chapter three is all about. Chapter 3 © Identifying VTP and Why to Defeat It If you are the average consumer with a simple video set up, you may not even know what VTP looks like. The reason, as stated in Chapter 2, is that VTP was not intended to interfere with a consumer using a video tape legally, i.e. simply viewing on a television. It can only be seen (and become an irritant) if a few conditions are met. VCR to VCR Connecting two VCRs together via the VIDEO IN/OUT and AUDIO IN/OUT can generate the distortion caused by VTP. Let's do an sample experiment. Connect the two VCRs together as stated above. Now, connect your television to the SOURCE VCR (the VCR that is playing the protected video) via the ANTENNA OUT. Have the other VCR recording the program. Note on the television screen that there is no evident problem with the picture. That is because the TV is getting the true signal from the VCR as the video company intended. Now, switch the line going to your TV to the ANTENNA OUT of the DESTINATION VCR (the one recording). Note that now the video protection is very obvious. This distortion will vary from tape to tape, but what you will very likely see is the color going from strong to weak and then strong again, or the contrast appearing to increase then decrease to normal again. These are just two of the simple irritants that VTP can cause. The reason you see the protection now is that, as stated in the last chapter, the sync of the picture is just a tad off, causing these weird distortions to be recorded on the DESTINATION tape, rendering your copy poor or illegal. Why, if copying tapes is illegal, should that make a difference to the 'honest consumers'? For one reason, if he/she has a fairly permanent set up in the living room and has two VCRs connected for the purpose of making copies of his/her home movies, it can make that rental take a real pain to watch instead of the pleasure it should be. Another reason, a much more valid one, is our next topic. VCR TO MONITOR If you are a computer enthusiast like myself, you probably already know they joys of using a computer monitor for a very nice color TV when not using your computer system. For the most part, a monitor will interface quite nicely with the VCR and produces a very nice picture...until you drop in a rental tape that has been encoded with VTP. Now, on your monitor, instead of that nice picture in graphic living color you get screen jitters, color fades, pulsations, and in some extreme cases, a total loss of any watchable picture. Again, the reason for this is that you are connecting your monitor with the VCR which is now putting out an unsynchronized signal which the monitor will display very accurately. Unfortunately this accuracy also engages the VTP also. So now, even the 'honest consumer' is being hurt by VTP. VCR TO TV Very rarely does a VTP scheme go so far as to distort a standard TV signal into distracting effects, though there are some out there that throw the signal so far off sync that even the tolerable TV will show signs of distortion. It should be noted, however, that only one in a hundred tapes or so will be this severe. In fact, the only tape I have seen so severe is THORN EMI's film THE HITCHER, and even it is only visible on a normal TV by a trained eye. Now that we have seen why VTP hurts everyone, not just the 'video pirate' and the 'midnight mauraders', let's take a look at how the average consumer can fight it. Chapter 4 © How to Defeat VTP We know why VTP needs to be removed, but how do we ordinary consumers get around it? There are three ways that I know of to remove this protection from your set up. DIGITAL SOLUTIONS If you are picking this guide up as a prelude to purchasing a new VCR, then this section will give you something new to think about when looking for a particular brand. Those who already own VCRs and wondered why VTP has never been a problem for you may also find this section interesting. The newer, fancier models of VCRs now boast what is known as 'digital effects'. This effects can do a number of fantastic things including the adorned 'picture in a picture' display; smooth, clear slow motion; and even 'zoom©in' features. These VCRs also have another great feature: they will remove VTP. How does this work? Simply put, the VCR inputs each frame of the film into a 'digital' memory where it breaks the image up into small 'pixels' (small dots of information) and stores it inside a computer memory. This process allows the 'effects' we discussed above to be possible. It also synchronizes the frame, hence removing the VTP from playback. So, if you are shopping for a VCR, keep in mind the advantages of purchasing one with 'digital' effects. A sales representative can point you in the right direction, or you can see on the machines themselves as they usually sport the word "DIGITAL" in big letters somewhere on the front. CAMCORDERS Well, suppose you already have two VCRs and you don't want to spend the extra $500 to get a digital one. There is another possibility, though it is not guaranteed by any means. This procedure involves using a camcorder to stabilize the signal. If you have a camcorder, you can test it with the following procedure. Connect the VIDEO IN and AUDIO IN of the camcorder to the VIDEO OUT and AUDIO OUT of the SOURCE VCR. Then, connect the VIDEO OUT and AUDIO OUT of the camcorder to the VIDEO IN and AUDIO IN of the DESTINATION VCR. (This will require an extra set of cables available at any video store or Radio Shack). Insure that the camcorder is switched to the VTR position or it equivalent (see your owner's guide for assistance. See the section under 'RECORDING FROM A VCR OR AN OUTSIDE SOURCE'). Again, insure that the TV is connected through the ANTENNA OUT of the DESTINATION VCR so that you can see if the VTP is still there. On some models (I have no specifics to offer... My apologies) it will stabilize the picture and give you a clean picture. STABILIZERS Well, now we've seen how rich 'honest consumers' can protect themselves from VTP, how about us poor consumers? Or those of us who just plain aren't interested in financing some big name company's newest electronic VCR? Thanks to some electronic technician, we penny pinchers can still avoid the nasty effects that VTP would put us through. video STABILIZER can be connected between your VCRs or the VCR and monitor the same way as a camcorder was above. It simply takes the input video signal and returns the sync to normal standards, thus eliminating the VTP. Stabilizers come in many shapes, sizes, and prices, and sport a number of different features. As a general rule, the price is directly proportional to the features. These features include manual stabilization, video/audio enhancers/boosters, special effects (i.e. fades or screen wipes, like used in professional studio). Let's look at some of these features more closely so you can make a more educated choice when going to purchase one. Manual Stabilization: This simply means that you, the user, can adjust the sync speed manually. Though this seems like a good feature, it can also cause trouble when watching a notªprotected movie channeled through it. It can cause almost as much mischief as the original VTP. One way around it is to rig up a bypass line around the stabilizer and to bypass it when you are not watching a VTP tape. Some models do have an off/on switch to bypass the signal on the box itself. However, most stabilizers have automatic stabilization so you won't have to worry about this feature. Video/audio enhancers and boosters: As the name implies, these features boost the signal to give you a better picture and less sound loss. Overall, these are good features to have, although these will surely cost you the extra bucks. Special effects: These effect generators will let you do professional style effects such as screen wipes, fades, and the like. Certainly fun for the home videophile enthusiasts, but very unnecessary for the ordinary consumers, as they will jack the price up over three digits. A final note on stabilizers. Most of them are fully automatic and need no user intervention once connected. These I highly recommend. Included in the indexes is a list of advertisers and their prices on stabilizers. Included is a phone number or address to contact these companies. Again, a disclaimer. These prices are completely subject to change as are the companies. Be sure to get a guarantee with any kind of electronic device purchase like this so you can get your money back if it fails to live up to its promises. One company on the list, Fordham, sells a stabilizer for $49.95 that has manual stabilization, video and audio enhancers. This is the one that I am partial to. However, one thing to be careful of is to insure that the video gain is not pegged out high. The reason for this is that after you have set the stabilization level and video gain level at one scene, a bright scene (i.e. an explosion or a bright flash) will cause the sync to jump out of range as cause a roll or flicker. This can be a real bother when duplicating a home video or watching a VTP rental tape. Be sure to watch out for this on other models too. Chapter Five A Final Note Just a little final note from the author before you get to the indexes. I wrote this guide for many reasons. One, I plain don't like the whole idea of VTP for many of the reasons I've told you above. Also, I am a firm believer in the 'try before you buy' and the 'archival backup' theories. I realize that by the magic of video rentals, you can try the movie out before shelling out the $14.95 © $89.95 to buy it. But, unlike computer software, the Federal Government will not 'permit' us to make a back up copy of your valuable tapes. My feelings are that if you bought it, you have every right to copy it again for your own personal use. Unfortunately, VTP makes this whole idea very much a problem. That is the second reason I wrote this guide. Finally, one other thing I have found in my 'travels'. Often, a company who released an old film (Warner Brothers is famous for this) like THE SHINING will repackage it and add VTP. My point is that if you had no trouble with a tape once and now find that your TV is blotted with all those nasty VTP symptoms, you may need to go hunting around to other dealers with older, unprotected tapes to view. Finally, as I leave you, I just want to say welcome to the widely unknown world and please share your knowledge as well as this guide with anyone else who you think might find it useful. Tue Dec 12, 1989 9:51pm Shane Monroe USS Trepang (SSN©674) FPO New York Chapter Six © Index of Companies SCO Electronics Inc. Dept. CR2, 581 West Merrick Rd. Valley Stream, NY 11580 1©800©445©9285 or 1©516©694©1240 Automatic, no extra features. Uses a standard 9©volt battery. 30 day guarantee. $49.95 + $4.00 s&h. AM Video Dept. VR, 400 Amherst Nashua, NH 03063 1©800©432©4353 Automatic, no extra features. 30 day guarantee. $49.95 + $3.95 s&h. VSA Ltd. Dept. R. 401 SW 11th Portland, OR 97205 1©800©367©7909 Automatic, no extras. 30 day guarantee. 2 year warranty. (Ooohh!) $69.95 + $4.00 s&h. M.D. Electronics Co. 875 S. 72nd St. Omaha, NE 68114 1©800©624©1150 (order or for a free catalog) Auto. 100 % satisfaction guarantee, one yr. warranty. $59.95. Search Technology INC. P.O. Box 91 Pasadena, MD 21122 1©800©237©7644 The Corrector: Automatic and enhances video output on old rentals for better viewing. 14©day money back. 1 year parts/labor. $129.95. Corrector II: Same as above. Video boost control. Bypass/power switch and LED. $219.95 (WOW!) Electronic Mailbox 1©800©323©2325 Video processing Center: Color processor/enhancer/amplifier. Stabilizes automatically. $199. Avenger Video 333 S. State St. Suite 101 Lake Oswego, OR 97034 1©800©274©9979 Black Box II. Probably the better of the list. Automatic. Auto switch on/off. 60 unconditional money back, 3 year warranty. $49.95 + $4.00 s&h. Fordham Electronics 1©800©000©0000 Video stabilizer. Video/audio gain. Stabilizer control. $49.99. Chapter Seven © A List of Protected Videos This is a partial list of video companies and video tapes that frequently emplore VTP. Also is a list of companies that have never to my knowledge (or at least never used to) VTP their films. VIDEO COMPANIES who Protect MCA, TOUCHSTONE (A biggie), Warner Bros., Thorn EMI, New Line Cinema/Media (a real dissapointment here; they never used to), CBS Fox, and HBO. (Just to name a few.) VIDEO COMPANIES who DON'T Protect (No promises here...Don't blame me if they start.) IVE, Nelson, New World, RCA, Virgin, and some Paramount.