Definition: Molecular Cloning The process of molecular cloning involves isolating a DNA sequence of interest and obtaining multiple copies of it in an organism, usually a bacterium, that is capable of growth over extended periods. Large quantities of the DNA molecule can be then isolated in pure form for detailed molecular analysis. The ability to generate virtually endless copies (clones) of a particular sequence is the basis of recombinant DNA technology and its application to human and medical genetics. The name "recombinant DNA" refers to novel combinations of DNA created between human (or other) DNA sequences of interest and bacterial (or other) DNA molecules capable of indefinite duplication in the laboratory.